Can diabetes be prevented or even reversed by eating whole grain food instead of products made with white flour, sweeteners etc

 At your risk.

This is not a medical or nutritionist advice.

For example by eating whole grain tahini?

Advantages of Electron Tubes (Electronic Valves), (Vacuum Tubes) in audio amplifiers

 At your risk.

1. They are cute.

2. Some of them can glow nicely in the dark, orange or blue.

3. They are small size and low mass as no big and heavy heatsink is needed for an amplifier operating in class A (electrons flowing all the time)

4. They are very low noise. So low noise that you don't hear any hiss on Sinatra voice recorded with a Telefunken U47 microphone having a VF14 electron tube inside it. The noise performance of a whole system is dictated by the first stage. Also Harry Olson chose an electron tube instead of a JFET on his experiment on measuring  the thermal agitation noise of molecules with a ribbon microphone inside an evacuated chamber.

5. They sound great. We know that for more than a hundred years.

6. Triodes are so far the most linear electronic amplifying devices without any feedback or its side effects.

7. They are perhaps the most compact and easy way to experiment with electrons themselves and what they can do in a small glass evacuated envelope.

8. They do not need air blowing fans. They radiate heat effectively as the anode can be at a very high temperature without destruction of the device.

9. They cannot be so small that we can place millions of them in a small area and then wonder why do we waste energy.

10 They have high output impedance forcing us to use an output transformer, possibly the greatest sounding and most linear passive device ever made. Dozens of microphone, console, reel to reel tape recorder, signal transformers on our favorite sounding records.

11 They teach us to be careful with electricity which can be dangerous. For example by applying the military practice of one hand inside the back pocket so that touching circuits with both hands in avoided.

12 They teach us to be careful in handling electronic devices.

13 They can amplify straight line frequency response from DC to Megahertz and much more as they have small input capacitance and no heatsink which can be a high output capacitance.

14 They can operate at very high but also at very small voltage if the inherent negative grid bias by the electron cloud near the cathode is compensated by a few Megohms resistor from low voltage anode to grid.

The Pleiades single Darlington BD650 power amplifier in class A supplied by 12V sounds very nice

 At your risk.

Update to Pleiades IRFS450 zero feedback single ended power amplifier with air gap output transformer

 At your risk.

Today a freshly charged 1.2Ah 12V battery was connected. Still using the 1:1 output transformer.

Playing the song Blue Velvet the sound was not impressive. As if the amp has reduced gain at small signals and increased gain at large ones. Is this because the operating point is at a current less than 500mA?

Back to the Pleiades single Darlington BD650 with approximately 3:1 output transformer the sound is phenomenally better with so deep bass, bandwidth.

Brothers in Arms - Dire Straits

 

Update to the Pleiades IRFS450 single MOSFET zero feedback power amplifier in class A operation

At your risk. Please take all safety precautions. A suitable fuse must be in series with a battery for injury or fire hazard protection. 

It is almost one MOSFET, an output transformer and gate biasing arrangment.

Today the cute little IRFS450 MOSFET was mounted on a big black anodised aluminium heatsink about 20 times the area of the transistor itself.

Vb is 12V from a 1.2Ah lead acid battery.

Bias is created as follows. From Vb a potential devider is created with one 47Kohm resistor in series with a multi turn 50Kohm potentiometer. Bias is taken from the wiper of the potentiomer and directly applied to gate.

1st test with a 100 ohm load resistor. Vd=7V at Vg=3.3V

2nd test with 6R8 load resistor. Vd=7V when Vg=3.3V

3rd test with only the primary of the Pleiades 1:1 output transformer with air gap, connected between Vb and drain. The primary DC resistance is 2.4ohms. For given conditions best sound is when Vg=3.7V.

Signal path:

Brothers is Arms - Dire Straits on vintage compilation CD - SONY D-EJ758CK CD Walkman line out - Pleiades IRFS450 - Marantz Imperial 5-G

Yes it worked and sounded surprisingly nice.

Initaly there was some clipping distortion as no volume control had been connected. A potentiometer should always be connected for ear protection anyway. The nearest potentiometr found on the table was a 220Kohms. It worked attenuating the output of the CD walkman but once there was attenuation there was severe treble cut. Possibly form high impedance feeding the high? gate capacitance.

When poentiometer (which must be changed soon to a low K value) was at max, at the begining of the song which is quiet the sound is phenomenal, bright, clear with great bandwidth.

As bias is increased sound is not getting better. There seems to be voltage drop at the small battery.

Heat sink is running hot.

Things look promising. Thank to Panos for giving me the inspiration to try a MOSFET by letting me know of the Suzan Parker zero feedback schematic.

In Music the bass line or melody line are both one note at the time

 At your risk.

For example listening:

On exaple below Melody is the top line, Bass the bottom line:

Anothe bass example, bass going in octaves:

Another example:

Classic example of just voice and bass at 0:38, True - Spandau Ballet: