Thursday, January 23, 2020

Choosing microphone input transformer turns ratio according to kind of music recorded?


A mic is usually connected to an input signal transformer.


The input transformer has N1 number of turns in the primary wire winding where the mic is connected and N2 number of turns in the secondary where music is sent to the amplifying device being an electron tube, JFET or bipolar transistor. Usually coupled through a capacitor. Coils 1 and 2 are linked by magnetic flux transfered from on to the other by usually a magnetic core. We gain voltage but loose current according to the principle of conservation of energy. Power equals Voltage x Current


Similarly in a bike, the human feet send energy to the rotating gear with N1 teeth. A chain transfers energy to the other gear in the back wheel which has N2 teeth. Changing gear ratio we may increase torque to climb a mountain but loose speed according to the energy conservation principle. Power equals Force x Velocity.


In both cases impedance is transformed. Z2/Z1 equals to the square of the turn ratio. For example if the transformer turn ratio is 1:2 a mic's 200Ω output impedance is made 800Ω.


Costas after coming from his biking exercise was shown a Sony TC-D5 Pro II schematic showing the mic input stage with input transformer. He was told about the analogy of turn ratios and he was asked about how he chooses and manually changes gear ratios for different racing conditions.


He then asked whether different microphone input transformer ratios as chosen according to the type
of music to be recorded.






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