A Pleiades filter is a vector connected across a microphone

R can be drawn on the x or real axis.


L can be drawn on the y or imaginary axis. Imaginary because an inductance does not dissipate energy. It just stores energy and then gives it back.


The sum of R,L is the vector (R,ωL). Or R+jωL.


ω is angular velocity of rating vectors. ω=2πf or 2 x pi x frequency


R is constant with frequency.


But the reactance in ohms of an inductance is proportional to frequency.


So when a Pleiades (R,L) filter is connected across the output of a microphone:


high frequencies are left intact.


But mid, low frequencies are gradual shorted right the output of the mic.


L defines turnover frequency and R slope of the high pass curve.


The point is selecting suitable R,L values for a particular application so that frequency response is flat from producer's brain to listener's brain.


Usually without a Pleiades filter the sound at listener's brain can be very bass, mid frequency heavy. Due to Fletcher-Munson, Voice effort curves, tye proximity effect, boomy room acoustics etc.


See also:


Sound Picture Recording and Reproducing Characteristics - D. P. Lowe, K. F. Morgan - Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers


Engineering Circuit Analysis - Hayt Jr, Kemmerly - McGraw Hill

Impedance is a vector

The magnitude of the vector is the value of impedance.


The angle of the vector reoresents phase difference between steady state output from steady state sinusoidal input.


But what is impedance at points A,B?


It is defined as the ratio of V/I where V is potential across points A,B and I current through points A,B. V, I are vectors. Rotating vectors or phasors.


See also, one of the best books on the planet on the subject of engineering circuit analysis.


Engineering Circuit Analysis - Hayt Jr., Kemmerly

Fostex M55RP microphone with Pleiades (R,L) filters

This is while male voice (1 octave below female voice) singing along the ABBA CD Voulez Vous the song Angel Eyes.


Mic at 1-2 in.


A suitable terminating impedance (vector) is (35Ω,6mH).


Ie a 35Ω resistor in series with inductance of 6mH and then the end terminals connected to pin 2,3 XLR output of the brilliant microphone.


No s, p or transient problems.

It may make sense instead of boosting treble with an active feedback amp etc...

to reduce the bass, mid heaviness (as perceived by the brain of the listener) of a mic passively, directly or right at the output of the mic.


This is subtractive EQing or wave filtering.


The Pleiades (R,L) filter is an example of a gentle slope high pass filter.


It consists of just a resitor (for slope) and inductor (for turnover frequency) in series. The total is connected across pins 2.3 of mic or mic preamplifier input.


A Pleiades filter can also be implemented inside an XLR female to male barrel adaptor made for example with the nice Neutrik XLR modules.


A color stripe on the central Neutrik module can differentiate one Pleiades filter from another. See previous posts.


Pleiades filters should be able be used with any mic type. And they also pass phantom power.


They are open source as everything Pleiades.

Pleiades (R,L) Filter for the Fostex M88RP 200Ω version

The M88RP American market version, output impedance was measured with an impedance meter to be 238Ω, see previous post.


While singing The Power of Love - Frankie Goes to Hollywood at the correct F minor key...


Suitable values found by adjusting the Danbridge R, L boxes:


(36Ω,7mH) for mic distance of 3-6 inch
(96Ω,7mH) for mic distance of 1 foot
8mH suitable too in the above examples
Later addition:
(29Ω,14mH) also sounded nice at about 5in


The sound becomes smooth, crystal bright without bass, mid heaviness


Signal path:


male voice singing The Power of Love - Fostex M88RP 220Ω American market version - Pleiades Danbridge (R,L) variable slope vector high pass filter - Sony TC-D5 Pro - Sennheiser HD 580 - Singer's ear brain


Note: for the Japan 600Ω Fostex M88RP version suitable values may be (130Ω,40mH), see previous euroelectron posts.

Hello to Ελλας, Germany, United States, France

Pleiades (R,L) mic filter across the input of a booster or mic amplifier, preamplifier

It may be nice to have a simple or effective variable slope high pass filter at the input of a preamplifier.


The Pleiades (R,L) filter consists of just a resistor in series with an inductor and the total across the mic 2,3 output or mic preamp 2,3 input.


Very easy to disable by the flick of a disconnect switch in the rather rare case when a mic gives flat frequency response from producer's brain to listener's brain.


It is like a passive loudspeaker crossover network.


If the coil L is wound around a ring tape wound core there is no hum.


After playing a bit with various mics and R,L values, using variable Danbridge decade resitor, inductor boxes, see previous posts, values chosen could be for example:


Switchable inductors of 8mH, 16mH, 25mH, 40mH, 60mH, 200mH etc


A variable resitor from 0Ω to say 1000Ω.


A further advantage is that sound is cleared up before entering the sensitive preamplifier.


For example the Pleiades (R,L) variable slope high pass filter could be at the input (across the primary of the input transformer) of a Pleiades V6 battery powered electron tube booster microphone front end amplifier.

Pleiades (R,L) filter for the Paso M8 cardioid microphone

This mic due to proximity effect etc sounds very bass, mid heavy without a Pleiades (R,L) filter.


A suitable Pleiades filter is for example (R,L) = (26Ω,8mH)
The values were derived while singing The Power of Love - FGTH at 1-2in from the mic at the right song key while adjusting the Danbridge R , L decade boxes connected in series to make the Pleiades (R,L) variable slope high pass filter.


With this Pleiades filter the sound is bright, not bass heavy or mid heavy.

Hello to Germany

Vivanco DM200 with Pleiades (R,L) filter

Vivanco, ViVANCO DM200 600 ohm dynamisches mikrofon Japan.


This microphone is made in Japan, 600Ω, phase inverted. It looks somewhat like a Shure SM59.


At 1-2 inch where sound is even more bass heavy due to proximity effect, values of R,L need to be smaller, ie a smaller vector which will give a brighter, not dull sound.
Experimentally a Pleiades (100Ω,36mH) sounds suitable.


At 7-12 inch a Pleiades (310Ω,56mH) filter makes the mic sound great for male vocals.


Tests were done while singing The Power of Love - FGTH at the correct F minor key.

Fun to Imagine - Richard Feynman

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=P1ww1IXRfTA

Richard Feynman on Los Alamos Manhattan Project

Richard Feynmann Lecture Los Alamos from below
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=uY-u1qyRM5w#fauxfullscreen

Knowledge progresses by illogical steps

Said by Russian Physicist referred at 0:53 on the following YouTube video;


Richard Feynman Lecture - Los Alamos from below:
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=uY-u1qyRM5w#fauxfullscreen

Gravity - Richard Feynman

The Character of the Physical Law - Richard Feynman - The law of Gravitation - Messenger lectures at Cornel University
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=-kFOXP026eE

On Planet Orbits

Why are most celestial orbits elliptical? - WildAC
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=dz7UWZn8aDo


Why do the planets orbit in a plane? - The Science Asylum
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=qFJ14DZfKG4#

Vintage Sennheiser Grundig MD21 with Pleiades (R,L) filter

Pleiades(89Ω,16mH) produced a great vocal sound


Crystal clear and big.


The microphone is a fabulous sounding vintage (possibly aluminum diaphragm) gold colored Sennheiser (Grundig)? MD21. It is wired out of phase by the previous owner was phase had to be reversed by an XLR male to female phase reversal adaptor. Mic used at 1-2 in.


The 89Ω,16mH setting is the same as that found for a Sennheiser MD441 U3 used at 7-12 inch.


Signal path:


Male voice singing The Power of Love - Frankie Goes to Hollywood - vintage MD21 gold at 1-2 in - Pleiades Danbridge (R,L) variable vector high pass filter - Sony TC-D5 Pro - Sennheiser HD 580 - listener's (singer's in this example, brain)


Variable vector means that both R or L can be varied by Danbridge decade boxes

Hello to Ελλας, Germany, United Kingdom

Sennheiser MD441 U3 with Pleiades (R,L) filter

On this excellent mic when singing softy apart from equal loudness, voice effort curves compensation, proximity effect compensation is needed too.


So values of resistance, inductance for the gentle slope Pleiades filter are still less.


Typically for using the microphone at 2-3in while singing The Power Of Love - Frankie Goes to Hollywood at the (correct) F minor key:


Pleiades(57Ω,10mH) is needed.


Without the 57Ω, 10mH in series and total across pins 2,3 sound can be too bass, mid heavy.


For greater mic, voice source distance, other type of song etc higher values of R,L may be more suitable to cut less bass, mid frequency content for flat frequency response from producer's brain to listener's brain.


For example Pleiades(89Ω,16mH) at (7-12)in mic voice source distance.


This Pleiades(89Ω,16mH) setting sounded fabulous on vintage MD21 at 1-2 in. See next after next post.


See also:


Sound Picture Recording and Reproducing Characteristics - D. P. Lowe, K. F. Morgan - Journal of the Society of Motion Pocture Engineers

Pleiades (R,L) filter for the RadioShack 33-3039

Signal path:


male voice singing the intro of The Power of Love in F minor key - RadioShack 33-3039 at 2in - Pleiades Danbridge variable slope, cutoff high pass filter - Sony TC-D5 Pro - Sennheiser HD 580


2 suitable values for a bright sound with no bass, mid heaviness are represented by the vector (R,L)=(77Ω,10mH)


For singing at a lower register, higher values can be used such as:


334Ω,310mH
218Ω,110mH
117Ω,110mH

Pleiades filter for using Sony ECM-250 at 2in

51-61 ohm
40mH

This is a 200Ω microphone.


It is a directional mic therefore having proximity effect. At a small distance such as 2in the sound becomes too bass heavy.


By adjusting the Dunbridge decade inductor and resistor boxes a suitable value for male vocals is (61Ω,40mH).


For higher distance an (130Ω,40mH) Pleiades filter may be used. See older posts.


Or a variable resitor added for any distance. Similar to MD421?


Signal path:


Male voice singing (The Power of Love - FGTH) - Sony ECM-250 at 2in - Pleiades Dunbridge adjustable variable slope high pass filter - Sony TC-D5 Pro - Sennheiser HD 580 - Singer's ear brain


A systematic error may be that singer and listener is the same person (sound can also be acoustically transmuted or bone conducted , so bass perception degree is not accurate.


Vicky should be able to find the best or more suitable R,L values.

Berggruen Institute

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berggruen_Institute


This was found as a link from Pierre Omidyar (creator of eBay) wikipedia page.

The eBay creator

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Omidyar

Hello to the United States of America

The importance of reading contracts, agreements etc

At your risk. This is not a legal advice.


A contract may be though as an operating manual. Even a law may be thought as such.


For example the PayPal user agreement explains in simple language and detail what to do when an item is not received, how to claim it or your money back. With time frames. It prints brilliantly from PDF with nice colors.


Other example:


The EMS post contract.


The eBay agreement.


The customs law of a country etc.

Χρησιμοποιώντας το eBay, PayPal, ταχυδρομείο, εκτελωνιστικες υπηρεσίες κτλ με αποδοτικό τροπο

Με δικά σας ευθύνη. Το παρόν δεν αποτελεί νομική συμβουλή.


Αυτο που κανουν οι λίγοι-ες ειναι σημαντικο.


Πχ το να διαβάζονται τα συμβόλαια.


Για παραδειγμα:


Το συμβόλαιο PayPal τυπώνεται άψογα απο PDF με ωραια χρώματα και απλή γλώσσα. Εξηγεί με καθε λεπτομέρεια τι πρεπει αγοραστής να κανει για να πάρει το αντικείμενο που δεν έλαβε η τα χρήματα πιςω. Με χρονοδιάγραμμα κτλ.


To συμβόλαιο eBay.


Το φύλο εφημερίδας κυβέρνησης ΦΕΚ 4092 εξηγεί με λεπτομέρεια πως λειτουργούν τα ΕΛΤΑ εκτελωνιστικα.


Ο Τελωνιακος Κωδικας επίσης.


Ο καθε νόμος.


Ολα αυτα μπορούν να γλυτώσουν απιστευτο χρόνο.





Δεν ήξερες. Δεν ρώταγες;

A mic does not have a brain

For example it will record the annoying first order reflections that our brain ignores.


See also the book: Motion Picture Engineering

H ρυθμιση της Βίκης για το μικροφωνο Audio Technica AT802

Πολυ καλη ρύθμιση, με αντίξοες συνθήκες, το μικροφωνο ήταν συνδεμένο εκτός φάσης, (out of phase), δηλαδή το ποδαράκι εξόδου 2 κατα λάθος συνδεμένο στο ποδαράκι εισόδου 3 και το 3 στο 2.


Το φίλτρο ρυθμίστηκε με το αυτί-εγκεφαλο της Βίκης για το μικροφωνο Audio Technica AT802 ως Pleiades(229Ω,60mH).


Ω σημαίνει Ωμ (μονάδα μέτρησης ηλεκτρικής αντίστασης), mH σημαίνει χιλιοστό του Henry, οπου Χενρυ μονάδα αυτεπαγωγης. Και οι δυο μονάδες μέτρησης προέρχονται απο τα ονόματα των φυσικών, Ωμ και Χενρυ.



Μετα τη ρυθμιση το μικροφωνο ακουγεται με παράλληλη απόκριση συχνότητας απο το εγκεφαλο του παραγωγου στον εγκεφαλο του ακροατή.



Vicky adjusted the variable Pleiades filter to (229Ω,60mH) while listing to male softly singing voice  on the AT802 microphone at 2in. The color of the filter center stripe if made inside XLR Neutrik modules will possibly be orange nail polish.


Ohm, the unit of electric resistance.



mH: thousandth of Henry, the unit of electrical inductance. Units come from the names of the physicists Ohm and Henry.

Ωραια σημερα έγινε διακοπή ρεύματος και ετςι μπόρεσε να ηχογραφηθεί το demo του τραγουδιου Πως Θα Ηταν

Power utility black outs are great for an almost noiseless recording.


No building structure transmitted machinery noise etc.


The demo of the song Πως θα Ηταν has been recorded.


It does not sound great. It sounds good to very good on headphones but not so on loudspeakers. Possibly cause is the recording of first order reflections, ie the acoustics are not suitable for recording. A mic does not have a brain (see the book Motion Picture Sound Engineering).


But it is a rough demo nevertheless.


Male (very softly) singing voice and upright Pleyel piano.


While recording, voice sounded softer than piano but playback seems fine since vocal mic is very close to singer. There is leakage making for a rather nice sound. So far playback only listened through the Sennheiser HD 580 headphones.


Voice mic is Audio Technica AT802 connected to the Pleiades Danbridge gentle slope high pass filter with Vicky's settings ie (R,L)=(229Ω,60mH).


Piano mic is the Grampian GR2/L connected to a Pleiades 8mH:78mH, (1:3) step up transformer followed by a Western Electric D 165831 1H:4H (1:2) step up transformer. Mic is 3ft from the center of the front panel of piano. Mic is on the right side of the piano facing it at an angle of about 40 degrees. 0 degrees being the line defined by the piano keyboard. This idea of side miking the piano comes from the Sennheiser Microphoni per cantanti brochure manual.


Both mic signals were fed to the Sony TC-D5 PRO II cassette recorder with heads just cleaned with isopropyl alcohol and the limiter switch accidentally left at on. Rec level at about 9 out of 10. A phase inverter XLR adaptor was connected at the input of the Pleiades Danbridge filter. The Grampian ribbon mic is accidentally connected as phase inverted anyway. This mic had been reribboned with a ribbon f random corrugations.


The Danbridge twin inductors are connected in series and antiphase for hum bucking or canceling.


The exact signal path of the Grampian mic is: mic - long grey cable - Pleiades 1:3, 8mH - WE 1:2, 1H - short cable - male to male sex changer - Sony TC-D5 PRO II Right channel.


The exact signal path of the AT802 mic is - mic at 2in - somewhat long brown cable - XLR phase inverter - Red black silicon laboratory cable with female XLR input - red cable connected to right post of lower Danbridge D13A decade inductor box and also to live output XLR cable through red alligator clip cable - black cable connected to lower post of Danbridge DR4/ABCD decade resistance box and at the same time to return of output cable, left post of lower Danbridge D13A to left post of upper Danbridge D13A, right post terminal of upper Danbridge D13A connected with a red silicon cable to the upper post of Danbridge DR4/ABCD, (right post of Danbridge D13A as already mentioned connected with alligator clip cable to live terminal of XLR out cable), output cable connected directly to Sony TC-D5 PRO II at Left channel.


(Ideal relaxing to play the piano, sing), in fact Danbridge boxes making up the variable Pleiades vocal filter were already connected from previous week.


So signal path in summary:


Grampian GR2/L - 1:3 8mH - 1:2 1H -

                                                            - SONY TC-D5 PRO II - TDK SAX 60

AT802 - phase inverter - Pleiades (229Ω,60mH) -

Vicky's Pleiades (R,L) filter settings for the AT802 microphone

(There is a systematic error as the mic was connected accidentally out of phase, but due to Vicky's great ability an adjustment for flat frequency response from producer's brain to listener's brain could be made).



It is also important to note that the output impedance of the AT802 omnidirectional moving coil in magnetic field mic is 500Ω.


Signal path:


Male voice singing The Power of Love - FGTH - AT802 - Pleiades (R,L) on Danbridge decade inductor, resistor boxes - Sony TC-D5 Pro - Sennheiser HD 580 - Vicky's ears, brain


Vicky after finding the voice bass, mid heavy from the straight microphone connection was asked to adjust the Pleiades filter R,L values for the most pleasing and natural voice sound.


One set of most preferred values is (200Ω,60mH). Resistance would be more than 200Ω due to the coil's wire resistance. Resistance measured across pins 2,3 with mic and preamp disconnected is 229Ω. Therefore the Pleiades filter vector is (229Ω,60mH). Ie a 229Ω resistor in series with an inductor of 60mH and the total connected across the AT802 microphone's pin 2,3 XLR output.


When Vicky was singing the same song, male listener found 40Ω,40mH a suitable set of values. Otherwise voice was bass heavy. R is more than 40Ω due to added coil resistance.

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It is possibly much more difficult to set than to stretch limits

Ειναι πιθανοτατα πολυ πιο δύσκολο να βάζει κανεις όρια απο το να τα ξεπερνάει

The kitchen should be a nice place to teach music

Hello to United States and to Ukraine

Euroelectron pageviews yesterday

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Hello to Serbia and Croatia

Stepping up microphone impedance to 2000 ohms

This was tried today almost by chance or curiosity.


The Audio Technica AT802 microphone impedance was measured 500Ω.


Then it was connected to yesterday's setup which had the Western Electric 1:2 transformer in line between mic and the Sony TC-D5 preamplifier. It sounded great and bigger. And connecting the Pleiades filter at 2000Ω (ie after the 1:2 step up) created great edge and treble on singing voice.


So,it seems the input impedance of Sony TC-D5 Pro is at least higher than 2000Ω.


Signal path, setup:


Voulez-Vous ABBA CD playing in adjacent room on Pleiades 2N3053 amp, male singing voice 2in close to mic - (Pleiades 130Ω, 40mH) filter - (Western Electric 1:2 transformer) - (Pleiades 130Ω,40mH) - Sony TC-D5 Pro - Sennheiser HD 580


(If an element is in parenthesis it may or not be used, many possible permutations where tried)


Without a Pleiadss filter mic sounds loud but there is a lot of bass and mid heaviness even on the ambience music.


Connecting the gentle slope Pleiades filter after the mic immediatly clears up the sound making it full, big, in all parts of spectrum. Then connecting to Sony sounds nice and big.


But if connecting the 1:2 transformer before Sony the sound is much louder without noticiable change in frequency response.


If connecting the Pleiades (130Ω,40mH) filter after the WE transformer ie at 2000Ω, more edge of voice is revealed, reminding the vocals of the Power of Love - FGTH.

Inside the Pleasuredome, Frankie Goes to Hollywood

A reunion at Sarm Studios:


https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=jDhiYdFjFVU#fauxfullscreen


https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welcome_to_the_Pleasuredome

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Hello to Belarus

A yesterday pageview from Belarus.

Chicks and Sheep

Chickens and sheep are high tech.


When bred on a natural environment they will produce fabulous eggs, wool, milk etc.


And they do not need USB charging. They get energy from what they eat on the earth's ground which gets its energy from the sun.


They will not ask for a CV.


Further reading:


Ecology - Life Library

Hello to Germany, Hellas (Ελλας) and Russia

Why Pleiades filters?

First let's answer the question why should a Pleiades (R,L) filter be better connected just after the mic output?
If muddy sound gets into the preamplifier it may be difficult to get it out. Everything in nature is non linear, non linearity means inter modulation of frequency components sent.


Why not just using a mic with a flat frequency response?
It will most likely sound non flat (bass heavy at least) to our brain. A flat mic can be a good start and then correct for listener's brain by a Pleiades (R,L) gentle slope high pass filter.


Why a flat mic will not sound flat frequency response to our brain?
It could be more than 4 reasons...
1 proximity bass boost effect
2 equal loudness curves (a higher intensity sound at reproduction sounds bass or treble heavy to our brain)
3 voice effort curves (an effortless, soft singing voice has a frequency spectrum like a bathtub curve, high bass, low mid, high HF)
4 room bass boomy acoustics if for example (membrane sound coverting to heat absorbers) are not used


What is the objective of production reproduction?
Possibly flat frequency response from producer's brain to listener's brain rather than from just mic to loudspeaker.


Further reading:


Sound Picture Recording and Reproducing Characteristics - D. P. Lowe, K. F. Morgan - Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers - Hollywood

How does a microphone sound with a Pleiades (Resistance, Inductance) filter?

See previous post:


https://euroelectron.blogspot.com/2019/03/how-to-make-almost-any-microphone-sound.html

Don't know. Feel.

Antidote to slogan: Dont guess, know.


The context could be for example:


First make it sound correct to your brain and then measure it.


But then why measuring?


Richard Feynmann said that love in our heart is most important than any equation.

Antidote to slogans

Slogans are nice.


But their antidotes may be even better.


For example on next post:

Freeing up ideas

When a idea is published, released etc then the next one can be almost immediately created.


It is as if she was already there waiting for memory to be cleared up.

Πως να εχουμε πιθανότατα απιστευτο ήχο σχεδόν απο οποιοδηποτε μικροφωνο

Στο επόμενο euroelectron post:


https://euroelectron.blogspot.com/2019/03/how-to-make-almost-any-microphone-sound.html

How to make almost any microphone sound quite amazing

By using the mic quite close, not nessasarily very close, for example 2in-8in and then connecting at the output a Pleiades (R,L) filter.


This is just an inductor (to create high pass) in series with a resistor (to make the high pass gentle slope). The total can be inside a Neutrik female to male XLR module adaptor.


Resistance, Inductance can be chosen for flat frequency response from producer's brain to listener's brain.


Typical values might be 140Ω, 40mH etc and they depend on the type of song and microoihne output impedance etc.


A step up transformer such as Western Electric 1:2 can further improve by bringing the sound forward like a zoom lens.


Examples:


Male singing voice - Sony ECM-250 - Pleiades (130Ω, 40mH) filter - WE 1:2 transformer - Sony TC-D5 Pro as preamp - Sennheiser HD 580


Or


Male singing voice - Sony TC-D5 Pro - WE 1:2 transformer - Pleiades (130Ω,40mH) - Sony TC-D5 Pro as preamp - Sennheiser HD 580


Mic can be a printed ribbon such as the amazing Fostex M88RP, a ribbon mic,


Or an omnidirectional moving coil such as the amazing Beyerdynamic M119


A directional moving coil..
etc


For even less noise a Pleiades V6 battery powered electron tube booster amplifier can be used as front end to mic. The Pleiades filter should possibly be connected just after the mic.


How does it sound without a Pleiades (R,L) filter?
Confused, bass heavy, mid or mid bass heavy, unfocused.


How does it sound with a Pleiades (R,L) filter?
Focused, big, clear, detailed, in front.. as the brain is relaxed by a more correct sound.

Measured output impedance of Sony ECM-250 microphone

216Ω


This is measured with an Escort impedance meter while an 1.5V battery is of course inside the mic.


This microphone has a single ended class A circuit (like a Pleiades amplifier) with an output transformer whose primary gets DC too, electrons flowing all the time.


Only a JFET, transformer, battery?


No wonder it sounds brilliant.


Connecting to it a Pleiades (R,L) gentle slope high pass makes it a great close up vocal microphone. See previous post.

Making good...

or at least trying to make good to others possibly makes us feeling well, unphobic and therefore we make calm and unphobic choices which lead to well bring in ourselves.


But what we do we do for ourselves without waiting anything in return. We do not need to.


Nothing gets lost.

Τίποτα δεν παει χαμένο.

Impedance of the Fostex M20RP s/n80843 microphone

The output impedance of each mic element is about 700Ω-800Ω.


This explains why the matrix transformers have a high inductance.


Measurement was done with an Escort digital impedance meter and not a DC resistance meter in order to protect the printed coils from damage.


Elements on how it sounds like at a previous post.

Γιατι κανεις να ζει τη νυχτα οταν μπορει να ζει την ημέρα;

Why having a good night time when one can have a great day time?

Lustraphone VR.64, Sony ECM-250, Fostex M88RP, Beyer M119 microphone comparison

On this post:
https://euroelectron.blogspot.com/2019/03/the-mic-to-sound-source-proximity.html

Stepping up the impedance of mic to fit Ty's Pleiades filter than vice versa

It works great.


For example stepping up by a Western Electric 1:2 transformer the impedance of a 200Ω mic to 800Ω and then connecting the usual (130Ω,40mH) Pleiades filter. Great smooth and bright sound.


See also previous post.

Fostex M88RP, M55RP impedance

Measured with Escort impedance meter (a DC ohmmeter should never be used on ribbon mics).


Fostex M88RP s/n209087, lower Z version
Zo=238Ω
It sounds bassier than the 600Ω? version
At of course it interacts differently (less treble sparkle or more bass) with the Pleiades (130Ω,40mH) than when the 600Ω mic version is used.


Fostex M55RP
Zo=274Ω
By rotating dials (see a previous post) a Pleiades filter of 70Ω,40mH sounded bright and nice.


How would these mics sound stepped up to more than 800Ω by the Western Electric 1:2 transformer and then terminating the higher Z with the Pleiades (130Ω,40mH) filter?
Later addition:
They sound great and sparkling bright
Signal path, setup:


Male voice singing the intro of the (Power of Love - FGTH) - mic at 2-3in - WE 1:2 transformer - Pleiades (130Ω,40mH) - Sony TC-D5 Pro - Sennheiser HD 580

mic in above setup:
M55RP slightly louder than M88RP low Z
Beyer M119 louder than all, least noise, more forward
M88RP possibly smoother from all



Note: The Sony ECM-250 sounds great too with just the Pleiades filter and no 1:2 step up. A bit more hiss than other mics.

Making love means no rushing at all

Possibly

Helene, Maria Acroyoga

Acroyoga seems very interesting if safety precautions are followed.


Somehow it turned out to be a self esteem lesson.


Although young they seem to have a young mind. Helene sings and Maria wants to become a yoga instructor.

Γιατι να ακουγεται λαςπωδης και μπαςαριστη η φωνη οταν υπαρχει το ηλεκτρικό μπαςο

Παραδειγμα το Into my Arms - Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=LnHoqHscTKE#fauxfullscreen


Η φωνη εχει τέτοια ηχοληψία ωςτε ν' ακουγεται πεντακάθαρα και το μπαςο παιζει μπαςο.

Pedal Bass on Into my Arms - Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds

Bass, in fact a bass instrument, keeps being based at C while piano plays C major (E G C) or F major (F A C) concequitevely.


https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=LnHoqHscTKE#fauxfullscreen

The Numbered Bass or DNA music code

Numbered or figured bass is like the music DNA code of a symphony or a song.


Elements are just the 7 notes.


For example 2 seamingly different songs, The Power of Love - Frankie Goes to Hollywood and Back to Black have somewhat similar code chords but in a different order.


Thinking of both songs in the key of D minor, they both use numbered bass:


D
B7 ie Bb D F A
A for Power of love A(3#) for Back to Black
G7 ie G Bb D F


From Niedt, Bach numbered bass, the harmony or chords can be readily derived making possible the understanding of the music creating mechanism.


Flurther reading:


Bach Bass Rules PDF


https://normanschmidt.net/scores/bachjs-general_bass_rules.pdf

How to learn music in seconds flat Πως να μάθετε μουσική σε λίγα δευτερολεπτα

On the previous euroelectron post:


https://euroelectron.blogspot.com/2019/03/a-simple-exersice-for-learning-all.html

A simple exersice for learning all the chords in music

It is saying:


do re mo fa sol la si do

re mi fa sol la si do re

mi fa sol la si do re mi

fa sol la si do re mi fa

sol la si do re mic fa sol

la si do re mic fa sol la

si do re mi fa sol la si

(It then repeats itself and you have already leaned most there is in music)

Or in different notation:


c d e f g a b c

d e f g a b c d

e f g a b c d e

f g a b c d e f

g a b c d e f g

a b c d e f g a

b c d e f g a b

(Repeats itself and you have leaned most there is in music).


How?


The chords are derived by taking notes one by one:

do mi sol si

re fa la do

mi sol si re

fa la do mi

sol si re fa

la do mi sol

si re fa la

(That's almost all the chords on our planet)


The exact type of chord will be automatically derived by knowing the key of the song, symphony etc. the key dictates which of the notes will be flat or sharp.


For example:


On the song The Power of Love - Frankie Goes to Hollywood at the point where lyrics go: This time we go sublime...the chords are:


reb fa lab do This time we go sublime


do mib sol sib Lovers entwine divine divine


sib reb fa lab Love is danger, love is pleasure


do mib sol sib Love is pure your only treasure


the key of The Power of Love is F minor so all la, si, re, mi are flat, this all needed to be remembered.


The first chord of this example is major 7th, the 2nd minor 7th, all this is derived automatically from knowing the key and which notes are flat, no need to remember anything else.


Most songs or chords are even simpler in the sense that only the 1 3 5 above bass is used instead of 1 3 5 7 making simple major or minor chords. Some chords are 9ths using up to 1 3 5 7 9 with respect to bass. Some chords use the 6th with respect to bass and the 3rd added. Above bass does not mean near bass, the notes can be anywhere high at any octave they sound good. And the bass is base coming from the Hellenic word Βασις meaning foundation or root.[Niedt, Bach]


Reference: Bach Bass Rules PDF from the great Niedt and Bach.

Finding a plastic ring on the pavement

Yesterday such a white ring was found at the size of a very large coin. Where had it come from?


It may prove very suitable for winding an "air" ring core Pleiades (R,L) filter with R made up bungle reaistance of the very long wire needed for given inductance, say 40mH.


Advantages: No hum due to toroidal shape. No magnetic saturation. Resistance ie gentle high pass slope. Ready to just connect to pins 2 and 3 of a balance signal path. Usually directly accross mic's output.


Disadvantage: A patient tortoise is needed for winding it.

If R,L values are found experimentally for particular mic, singer, song application ..

then a hardwired Pleiades R,L filter can be made inside Neutrik XLR modules.


For 250Ω mic impedance a value of 40mH has so far been found very useful.


A Neutrik module Pleides filter may be created with basic rotary switch variable resistance or inductance.


A disadvantage is that it may be a long XLR female to make adaptor.

Hello to Germany, Portugal, Ελλας

Πως να διατηρείται το χνούδι της φωνής σε μια ηχογραφιςη How to preserve the edge of voice on a sound recording

See next today's and other euroelectron posts.


Στα σημερινά και αλλα euroelectron posts. Χνούδι ειναι έκφραση δανεισμένη απο αναφορά της Βίκης.


Το χνούδι διατηρειται (περναει) απο ενα καλο μικροφωνο αλλα καλύπτεται ψυχοακουστικα απο αύξηση μπασων και μεσαίων συχνοτήτων στον εγκεφαλο του ακροατή, επιςεις απο το οτι μπορει να θελουμε να τραγουδάμε σιγα και αβιαςτα, οπως και απο το φαινομενο εγγύτητας, μπουμαριστομπασαδουριστη ακουστική χώρου κτλ.


Το ζητούμενο ειναι επίπεδη (ίδια) απόκριση συχνότητας απο τον εγκεφαλο του παραγωγου στον εγκεφαλο του ακροατή.


Any good microphone passes through the edge or high frequency content of voice. But this may be masked by Fletcher Munson curves, voice effort curves, the proximity effect of directional microphones, boomy acoustics etc.


A gentle slope filter is needed in order to create a flat frequency response from producers brain to listers brain.


Pleiades R,L filters may be suitable for achieving this aim.


See also:


Sound Picture Recording and Reproducing Vharacteristics - D. o. Lowe, K. F. Morgan - Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers










A way to avoid boomy acoustics is bass absorbing panels or recording outdoors. Ένας τρόπος να αποφευχθεί μπουμομπασαριστη ακουστική ειναι ελαστομερες μεμβράνες. See EMI, Columbia, BBC acoustics on euroelectron posts, BBC research department papers, Guilford etc.

The Fostex M55RP with Pleiades (R,L) filter

The Fostex M55RP was connected today with the first variable Pleiades filter.


Signal path, setup:


male voice singing The Power of Love - FGTH at the correct F minor key - handheld Fostex M55RP at 2-3in - Pleiades variable (R,L) gentle slope filter - Sony TC-D5 Pro - Sennheiser HD 580


Suitable values found are L=40mH or less, R=typically 70Ω


It is impressive that once the Pleiades filter is disconnected while singing the sound immediatly becomes bass and mid heavy. Connecting back the Pleiades filter leaves the sparkle of the voice to shine like a diamond.

The first usable variable Pleiades resistance inductance microphone highpass filter

Today was tried for the first time at Pleiades lab a useable Pleiades (R,L) variable filter on big resistance and inductance.


The problem to overcome was hum because of using air cored (non ring would) multi tap indicators.


Using ring tape wound cores or ring ferrite cores creates on hum induced problem even at rooms with a lot of electromagnetic interference from electrical equipment.


The variable inductor box used is the brilliantly made Danbridge air cored decade inductor box D13A.


It's only disadvantage is hum as mentioned above.


But today another one came. The 2 are placed one on top of each other and connected in series but antiphase. 95% percent of gum disappears and a usable variable Pleiades filter results.


A Danbridge (0-1000Ω) decade resistance box with the fancy name DR4/ABCD was added in series to create the variable slope.


So in all L-L-R.


It takes time to learn how to effectively operate it.


The first mic tried is the Fostex M55RP 250Ω while singing The Power of Love.


A suitable set of values is 70Ω,40mH


The DR4/ABCD shows 50Ω but we have to take also into account the resistance of the coil as the Escort RLC digital impedance meter indicates.

Terminating a microphone with a variable impedance load with respect to frequency is...

what a Pleiades microphone filter is all about.


This creates a change in frequency response since the less the load in ohms the less the output of the mic (more voltage drop across the output impedance of the mic).


The objective is flat frequency response from producer's brain to listener's brain.


It is impressive that when a correctly adjusted Pleiades (R,L) gentle slope high pass filter is connected across the mic output that the bass and mid heaviness disappears.


What remains is a clear bass, mid content and sparkling high frequency content.


Just like or approaching the great commercial recordings such as When I Fall in Love - Nat King Cole, The Power of Love - Frankie Goes to Hollywood etc...

Would Vicky be the first Pleiades variable microphone filter operator?

This would involve rotating inductance and resistance dials until singing voice sounds correct to listener's brain.


Correct means flat frequency response from producer's brain to listener's brain.


See also previous euroelectron posts.

Electrons can interact at a distance...

...even through free space.


And this is the basis of communication at a distance.


Examples:


Vibrating electron inside a radio transmitter antenna making electrons vibrate inside a radio receiver antenna,


Electrons in the sun making electrons of objects on earth vibrate and then electrons in our eyes vibrating so we can see them.


We seeing ourselves on the mirror. The back of the glass of a mirror is coated by a metal which has billions billions billions of free electrons,


See also:


Jealous Electrons - Euroelectron


Further reading:


Conceptual Physics- Hewiit


The Frynam Lectures on Physics - Feynman, Leyton, Sands

Increasing subjective dynamic range on analog recording still further

This came while playing with a malfunctioning Pioneer cassette deck.


The deck under modulates one track of the cassette tape.


So, would it be possible to use on any tape medium with 2 tracks both of them as one channel. Using at digitisation or whatever, track one most of the time. Then at loud parts or peaks where it would be distorted, taking the information from the under modulated track where tape is not modulated to a point of objectionable distortion. Of course the so listenable distortion of analog tape is desired and can be taken from the main tape track.


Would this idea work on digital which can instantly go to objectionable distortion mode?


Disadvantage is needing double memory. But then the information could be used to make a combination track.

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Συνηδητοι περιορισμοί στην τέχνη Restrictions in art

Conscious or unconscious restrictions may produce art.


They are very useful as they make choices become simple and easy.


Μας βγάζουν έξω απο ενα κηκαιωνα επιλογών.


Restrictions could be for example:


Producing music in mono (early Beatles etc?)


Producing music only with electrically generated sounds (OMD?)


Producing music only with samples (Depeche Mode?)


Learning music on a broken piano where only rightmost and left most keys operate (Arvo Part?)


Musicians in a band playing a different instrument than the instrument they have learnt (Brian Eno?)


Recoding only with the instruments on the right side of the room (Brian Eno?)


Recording only with battery operated instruments


Recording with a broken cassette or reel to reel recorder where only one track records etc.



Perhaps the best example of a restriction is the scales themselves. From all the 12 notes (both white and black) of a piano keyboard only 7 are normally allowed. For example on Just Hold Me - Maria during some time of the song the scale or key is A Dorian. This means only A B C D E F# G is allowed. At other times the A minor is the key meaning the notes allowed are those coming from all the white keys ie the 7 natural La Si Do Re Mi Fa Sol. For example at some point the song plays F7 ie F A C E or F major 7th.

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