Perhaps stating the obvious. But Vicky had been insisting for months on asking "how do you find the bass?, how do you find the bass?"
First what is an interval of 3rd?
Always counting from the white or natural notes it is a distance of 3 notes.
For example Do to Mi.
Do# to Mi#. (Chariots of Fire - Vangelis)
Do# to Mi. (Moonlight shadow - Oldfield or Moonlight Sonata - Beethoven etc)
Do to Mib
For example Do Mi is major 3rd
Do Mib or C Eflat is minor third.
Fa La or F A is major third etc.
It is striking on how many instants in time a melody part creates an interval of 3rd with respect to bass.
For example 1st instant in time of Eternal Flame - Bangles
Bass is G, singer begins with the word "close" sung at B.
Prelude in C minor - Chopin or its cover Come into my Life by Moroder.
The melody is at so many instants a 3rd apart from bass.
Other example Quo Veridis - Duft Punk
Bass melody
D FEFDFCFB
G (B lingers on)
A (B lingers on creating a 9th) EDECEBEA
F (A lingers on from previous bar)
Other example:
All alone am I - Hatzidakis or in Hellenic Μην τον ρωτάς τον ουρανό
Most of the time the melody finds herself a 3rd from bass.
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=JJHvYU_y6xQ#fauxfullscreen
On above examples and so many other examples when melody is not a 3rd above bass but is for example a 7th or a 9th then another part or instrument sings or plays the 3rd in order to give a consonant impression to the listener's brain [Bach Bass Rules].
The 3rd is the 5th overtone of any tightly tensioned vibrating string. See harmonic series, Pythagoras, Lecture (the Unanswered Question) of Leonard Bernstein at Harvard University, Fourier Analysis, Musical Acoustics - Donald Hall.
Bach, Niedt Bass Eules
https://normanschmidt.net/scores/bachjs-general_bass_rules.pdf
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