Cat, human interaction kills pain to both

The best friend in a hospital is the one reminding you who you are?

Bach's Concerto in F minor, Largo

great signal path: producer's brain - outdoors square - cajon, cymbals (Andreas), electric guitar (Alexandros) - Fostex M55RP at say 9 feet - Sony TC-D5M - TDK SAX - Sony TC-D5M - JVC 9425W amp - Pleiades linoleum Auratone 5C type monitoring speaker - living room - listener's brain

Recording outdoors kills so many sibilant, bass heaviness problems, reverberation radius is so large

No one can fire me if I am not employed my anyone

Kanis den mpori na me dioksi an den aniko se kanenan

Recording outdoors is an amazing experience with great sound quality

Angry people can be more effectively controled?

2.3mH:2.3H has been nicely used to match 25Ω Grampian ribbon mic (and at the same time low cut adequately) to EF137 grid on Pleiades V6 mic booster amplifier

Inductance of primary, secondary winding (of audio transformer) gives more information than impedance ratio as one can calculate the low frequency response for particular microphone output impedance for example

http://www.technicalaudio.com/pdf/Arnold_Magnetics/Arnold_Magnetics_Materials_1956.pdf

Monopsony

An Adjustoroid in a Pleiades (R,L) adjustable slope and low cut frequency microphone filter

Hello to Canada and the United States

Variable inductance microphone input transformer

By using the following patents for example with 2 rotating magnets with respect to each other in the plane of the toroidal signal transformer core. Possible use variable low frequency cut for natural reproduction of recorded human voice or other musical instruments.


http://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/pdfs/US2762020.pdf


https://patents.google.com/patent/US3100882

An adjustable slope and turnover frequency inline low cut filter for microphone use et, variable Pleiades (R,L)

At your risk.


A use is for reducing bass or mid bass, mid heaviness to listener's ear brain when for example recording vocals or in a live concert.


It is an inductor L in series with a resistor R and the resultant connected across pins 2 and 3 of microphone output (or preamp or mic booster input).


Both L and R can be continuously adjustable. Varying L adjusts turnover or cutoff frequency, varying R adjusts slope. Obviously a high R leaves microphone output unchanged.


R can be a simple potentiometer of say 1KΩ but how can L escpcially a desirable toroidal inductor be variable?


The answer was found yesterday by almost chance on US2762020 and US3100882, J. F. Gordon and Norman Burnell patents respectively.


The toroidal core is sandwiched between 2 longitudinal magnets allowed to rotate relative to each other.


When they attract each other magnetic lines are flowing perpendicular to core and its inductance index remains the same.


But when they repel each other magnetic lines of force (repelling ones) are flowing in the direction of the toroid and its inductance index becomes almost 0. Similar action to the Fostex printed ribbon microphone operation with repelling magnets.


Between these 2 extremes the inductance index can be smoothly varied.


It was tried today on a tape (mumetal?) tape wound core coming as a separately bought spare for a Coles 4038 core for input transformer. Mr Beanland kindly supplied this on around 2000.


Such core with a small quality of wirewrap wire turns has an inductance of 40mH. This inductance was gradually brought to almost 0 by rotating one of the magnets. 2 much longer magnets that the core were used covering all its are, these magnets came from a Meazzi ribbon microphone which has now Neodymium replacements but still is not re ribboned.


It has also been observed that if a thin foam material (the protective wrapping material of the magnets) in placed between each magnet the inductance can be changed from 10mH to 0 just by the amount of hand pressure between the 2 magnets making the sandwich with the mumetal tale wound core. The may be another method of adjusting bass cutoff frequency.


It has not been tried yet connected to a mic.


Hopefully it will aid flat frequency response from producer's brain to listener's brain. [Lowe, Morgan]


Would it be feasible to make such a variable filter inside Neutrik cylindrical XLR inline Modules using the rotating switch disk mechanism as a means to rotates a magnet?


How would a microphone input transformer sound like by adding a secondary winding?


Reference:


Sound Picture Recording and Reproducing Characteristcs - D. P. Lowe, K. F. Morgan - Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers

Sleeping a lot seems to be beneficial

At your risk. This is not a medical advice.


In my practice it seems to boost my immunity system and makes me feel more relaxed for making a calm decision.


It also seems to help me do things that otherwise would not had been possible.


There is special advice in sleeping on
How to stop worrying and start living - Dale Carnegie

Variable Inductor Patents including toroids

http://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/pdfs/US2762020.pdf


https://patents.google.com/patent/US3100882


http://www.google.com/patents/sitemap/en/Sitemap/H01/H01F/H01F_21_19.html

Teaching music while playing or composing

For example playing at the piano a composition which begins with only the bass. Then repeating such bass and adding a melody etc.


See also:


Cannon in D - Pachelbel


Veredis Quo - Daft Punk
(Bass begins with harmony and melody but each time various other parts are added)

How many musical notes at the same moment in time?

By watching the score or listening to a symphony or a song it may be seen or rather heard that in general no more than 4-5 different notes are used at the same time at any time!


For example bass may be A1, cellos may play A2 or E2 or A3. Viola may play C4, violin 2 G4, violin 1 E5. A flute may play a passing note towards E.


Such notes are derived from the 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 series above each bass.


Vicky asked why not more notes?


Like in painting too many colors lead to a dark mud color.


What makes music sounding sophisticated is the wise use of few quality ingredients like in good quality cooking.


For example Just Hold Me - Maria Mena begins with just
A bass C and E and B (the 9th with respect to bass).


See also:


All you need is Ears - Sir George Martin


Bach Bass Rules - Bach, Niedt - PDF


Harmony - Piston


Musical Acoustics - Donald Hall

Positive virus effect?

For example a woman (man) may consider being more adventurous and give consent to a sexual call.

Teaching perfect pitch

When I was a kid (5-7) we were singing the butterfly song (μία ωραια πεταλούδα) at the classroom.


I would try to quest what the notes were and when going back home impatiently playing the notes on an eastern German piano in order to see if I was right. It was a kind gift from my great grand father Melelaos. (Later on Melelaos and my other grand fathers George and Manolis would enjoy listening radio to a hand assembled with springs (πολυκυκλωματιστης game, 501 driving a 2001) one germanium transistor class A amplifier driving Sony closed back low impedance headphones through the tiny output transformer of the electronic construction game).


I was completely wrong. But the mistakes taught me.


Now when a sound is heard somewhere, the syllables or letters of the note name can be heard in my mind.
Sometimes I am wrong by a semitone but a La flat is still a La (L-A).


In music everything is refenced to the natural or white notes anyway.

An ear exercise

At your risk. Very gentle taping for protecting the fingers.


Trying to play notes as if a table is a virtual keyboard.


Or just merely imagining playing the notes and imagining the sound.


Then compare results on a real piano.

A melody should be sung on the piano not played

If yes laugh, if not laugh again

Playing by ear

Notes should be sung by their names.


Like an erotic partner, it does not hurt to know the name.
Later today's addition: it does not hurt to not knowing it either.
Does this suggest that knowing the name of the note is more important?


For example:
To the Moon and Back - Savage Garden
The melody at verse begins:
Do Sol Fa Fa Do Do Si Do Fa Re Do Si...
Remember all B and E are flat since the key is C minor 3rd


This came about while working out a Hatzidakis song (Περμπανου) with Vicky.

The original thick Technics SL1200MKII rubber mat sings

It is contoured to fit the record including its thicker label as a hand glove relationship.


Possibly first time seeing a vinyl record sitting correctly perfectly parallel to turntable platter.

On turning into advantage the inharmonicity of musical instrument strings in order to make the overtones of a musical note sound in tune to ear brain perception

See yesterday's post:


Magic (halftone frequency ratio) number, eg 1.0595472.


See also Pleiades tuning on DX7 MKII  or Korg Triton synthesizers.

The extended high frequency response and sweetness of a good vinyl turntable setup makes you feel brand new

Hammond signal transformers

Currently there are on eBay some apparently very rare vintage Hammond signal transformers. Broadcast quality Hammond 807 for example. The same seller has other types too.

A piano is a great one and very well tuned when playing cluster of notes and still sounding great - Albert

If the circle of fifths is closed with all of them beatless a piano may not sound nice at other intervals, why should it?

See previous post

Magic number 1.0595472

At your risk.


This is on letting a good quality piano and one's brain decide what the optimum A4 frequency be on that particular piano so that overtones of strings sound correct to listener's brain rather than taking A4=440Hz as a tuning reference?. We know for example jazz men women tune A4 at 444Hz making the piano sounding better even at so complex chord intervals.


This experiment has been going on since a bit after Olympic Games in Athens ie 2004.


A few thousand euros miraculously found had been spent on tools and top quality materials in order to rebuild a great quality Pleyel model 9 upright piano made in around 1921. The original Firminy factory in France strings had been repolished and reinstalled, one each day.. The piano was ready on about 2008. Everything possible was done so that it could withstand higher string forces than when tunning at A4=440Hz.


While increasing above 440Hz a sweet spot had been found where all intervals including major 3rds sounded amazing while testing playing Prelude in C - Bach from well tempered clavier.


Then further increase (psychological inertia overshoot) had been done past 450Hz in an attempt to make all 5ths perfect (beatless). The circle of 5ths of Pythagoras had been closed as 3rd overtones were higher than 3:2 by the increased tension of strings.
But the piano sounded bad especially on high major 3rds which had a lot of beat and the piano although still sounding very fresh and nice it had an element of tension.


Over the last years tuning had been once by hand decreased to A=451Hz which sounded very nice but with still a bit of tension .


During the last 3 or more years the piano had been left untuned but played a lot. Natural detuning.


Now it is out of tune on quite a few notes, intervals etc.


But today it had been observed that A flat major (which is little used anyway) sounds amazing. And this included playing octave or double octave plus major third ie high C which had been problematic as already mentioned.


Using an online signal generator (www.onlinetonegenerator.com) and by beat comparison it was found today that bA3 is 209.8Hz and bA4 is 420Hz while both sounding great in tune (beatless) and at the same time the octave interval sounding correct to ear brain which only happens on state of the art instruments of anytime.


Now 420 : 209.8 = 2.002


This agrees with the well known fact that more than times 2 is needed for a subjective octave or the octave sounds a poor one.


Then the 12th root of the exact 2.0019066 had been taken which gives 1.0595472 which can be called the Pleiades equal temperament half tone ratio number as opposed to 1.05946 which is the 12th root of 2, the well known poor engineering? equal temperament.


Then using 1.0595472 by successive multiplication, from bA3=209.8Hz, A4 had been found to be 445Hz.(


Similarly C4 (major 3rd wrt bA3 is calculated 264.4Hz. Playing this frequency on the tone generator agrees with Pleyel.


Similarly B3 (minor 3rd wrt bA3) calculated with the magic number as 249.555Hz agrees with Pleyel as it currently plays very well these particular above intervals.


After all this concentration the overtones of bA3 could be distinguished by ear brain. Even the very high C (5th overtone), C6 that could be heard sounded a very satisfactory double octave major 3rd and agreeing with the note itself played on Pleyel which plays very well this interval.


These results are promising so an attempt will be made to tune the piano at A4=445Hz which should be near to an optimum for the particular piano.

Updates to the melody book - Pleiades

https://euroelectron.blogspot.com/2020/06/the-melody-book.html

The input transformer

It can be seen on eBay that the hi-fi community is buying classic vintage microphone input transformers to be used as MC cartridge step up transformers for playing their nice classic records.


The paradox is that their classic records had been made with such transformers and that the new record producer is finding it harder and harder to get such transformer for making nice new music.


But the Hi-Fi community is important teaching.


For example Hammond transformers. If memory is correct many years ago an advert of them was seen in a high fidelity magazine. They also make broadcast and studio quality signal transformers.

Crazy - Seal

It was played a few moments ago on Galaxy 92 FM.

Σημασία δεν εχει τι εχει συμβεί αλλα πόση δύναμη εχεις να παλέψεις γι'αυτο - Πεπη

The title is paraphrasing Pepi's words.


Below is paraphrasing too.


Each one decides to have the strength to make an esoteric (inside oneself) difference.

Hello to France, Germany, Hong Kong, United States, Portugal, Poland, Ελλας

Welcome to Nepal

Hello to India and United Arab Emirates

Euroelectron weekly pageviews

Entry	Pageviews
Greece	96
France	29
Germany	20
India	14
Hong Kong	13
United States	12
Portugal	7
Nepal	6
Poland	6
United Arab Emirates 3

Pedal bass example throughout the song, Need You Tonight - INKS

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=w-rv2BQa2OU


Also Need Peace Tonight - INKS vs the Sound Defects
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=CxEoAiVleac
(Played on Galaxy 92MHz a few moments ago)

Toroidal inductors and transformers

Some very interesting images on the Wikipedia article, for example figure 6.


https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toroidal_inductors_and_transformers

At last vocal recording starts to improve on the new Pleiades recording studio setup

At your risk.
Always use a fuse in series with a battery for fire hazard protection.


It has always been a mystery to me why connecting a state of the art flat frequency response mic to a flat frequency response recording system makes a vocal reproduction sounding like mud with bass heaviness.


Nothing is wrong with the equipment but the bass heaviness takes place in our brain as in pop music we usually try to reproduce a softer singing voice at a higher sound pressure level [Lowe, Morgan].
(It has been a privilege to find the engineering answer on this paper).


In order to remove something offensive the first step is clearly hearing it and the new Pleiades setup makes this a piece of cake.
The setup used sounds great on commercial FM radio but immediately showed very severe bass heaviness and mid heaviness problems while recording and reproducing on 1/4in analog magnetic tape.


Signal path:


Uher 4200 report stereo 1/4 in tape recorder (1st bought on eBay) - JVC 9425W radio used as bass boost amplifier for small speakers - Pleiades linoleum Auratone type 5C monitoring speaker


Almost everything tried in terms of microphones used including Pleiades filters (for bass reduction) sounded horrible with extreme bass heaviness and sounding so far from a commercial recording by direct comparison. The comparison is done by just removing the AUX in connector from the JVC radio and immediately listening to any commercial pop song on the radio with the same reproducing system.


So it was decided today to use a Pleiades V1 CV2269 electrometer electron tube mic front end amplifier operating at so low anode current that there is another bass cut filter right at the anode from the inductance of the output transformer.


It turned out that it still sounded bass and mid heavy.
So then a Pleiades (130Ω,40mH) filter was added to the input (after the mic). With these 2 low cut filters the singing voice started coming out very natural with shinning detail or lack of bass or mid bass, or mid heaviness. This setup revealed the great detail of the Fostex M80RP microphone.


This is the complete setup including the recording path:


Singer's brain - not heavily treated living room - male singing voice - microphone - Pleiades (130Ω,40mH) gentle low cut filter - Pleiadss V1 CV2269 with Altec input transformer and Pleiadss output 10:1 transformer - Uher 4200 (1st bought from eBay) - BASF EMTEC SM911 tape - Uher 4200 (1st bought) reproducing - JVC Nivico 9425W as amplifier or radio amplifier - Pleiades linoleum Auratone type 5C monitoring speaker hung from ceiling - same living room - listener's brain


Why not using just a recording console and its tone controls for reducing bass heaviness?(br />

The objective is using as few as possible (class A ie electrons flowing all the time) active device gain stages from mic to tape. For the sake of keeping as much freshness and clarity of the voice.


The device count in the above setup is about 1 electron tube and about 2 transistors.


Below are further details of some signal path components so that results can hopefully be repeatable:


The Uher 4200 (1st bought with new Fujitsu D batteries) had been used instead end of (4th) as the latter produced low frequency hiss possibly due to aging batteries.


The Pleiades V1 CV2269 was used in breadboard jig form. The Altec green octal bass transformer was used as input transformer. A freshly charged Recyco green 1.2V battery for heater cathode and plate.


Anode current on V1 CV2269 is 10μA.


Altec Lansing 4722 is the input transformer.


22nF blue MKT Philips? is the coupling capacitor to grid.


19.7MΩ is anode to grid pull up bias resistor.



1.2V from a freshly changed AA Recyco battery is Va and Vb ie filament and anode supply.


The output transformer is a Pleiades 77H : 800mH (672 turns to 70 turns) wound on Magnetec 070 toroid tape wound nanoperm core.


Later addition: M80RP - Pleiades (130Ω,40mH) - German 500Ω:600Ω inline transformer - Uher 4200 report had been tried too but it still sounded a bit bass heavy.
Another option to try might be 2 omni mics connected out of phase (Dscribed in Lou Burroughs Microphones book). Just one 635a with Pleiades (130Ω,40mH) still sounded bass heavy.

Reference:
Sound Picture Recording and Reproducing Characteristics - D. P. Lowe, K. F. Morgan - Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers

How to get rid of Baobabs (bass heaviness) in vocal recordings

On nearby posts.


Baobab is an analogous term taken from
The Little Price - Antoine de saint Exypery
book for something that has negative energy trying to take over. Hliana recognized the analogy while it had been read to her.


Low frequencies or rather excess of them on our perception can make us feel low.
Feeling low can increase for example consumption of alchohol so it's nice to have song recordings with a voice that sparkles in a positive way.

Η χαβούζα (μπασαδουρα) και πως φεύγει απο ηχογραφισεις φωνής

Σε διπλανά posts

Everything I Wanted - Billy Eilish

Just played on Galaxy 92 FM


And next was Beazilian Soul - Tye Knocks Featuring Sofi Tukker

Πως γινεται η μουςικη με οςο δυνατόν λιγότερες λέξεις

Στο προηγουμενο post:


https://euroelectron.blogspot.com/2020/09/almost-all-there-is-to-music-making-or.html

Almost all there is to music making or playing in just a few words

We find the bass note then choose some harmony notes 1 by 1 from this bass.


For example if bass is D possible harmony notes are D F A C E G B.


For example Carelles Wisper - George Michael


Bass D and D F A (meaning D and F and A)
Bass G and B D F
Bass B and D F A
Bass A and C E G
(Attention all B are flat since the key is D minor on this song)


It sounds even better, if we make least nnite changes or finger movement.


For example rearranging notes:


D bass and D F A
G bass and D F B
B bass and D F A
A bass and E G C
(All B are flat)


Or


D bass and A D F
G bass and B D F
B bass and A D F
A bass and C E G


similarly for any song or even a symphony.


Summary: all needed to remember really is the note series C E G B D F A C E G B ...




Bach Bass Rules - Bach, Niedt - PDF


Harmony - Piston

Making a cable for Uher 4200 report for connecting a mic with XLR output

Normally a transformer will exist between the 2.


A vintage Belden 8451 FR-1 thin cable was used which had been found soldered to an RCA BA-6A limiter.


An original 3 pin Cannon? bayonet connector was used for the Uher mic input.

Restoring the 1st Pleiades mic input transformer box

It is an aluminium box containing 2 specially ordered Sowter transformers, 3104 with 2 secondaries so that it can be either 1:10 or 1:20.


It had been ordered to Brian Sowter before 2000 so that the Grampian 25Ω GR1/L ribbon mics can be connected to Ferrograph 634 or 632.


The transformers had been resecured and re soldered. Currently one at 1:10 and the other at 1:20.


The primary inductance is about 3.9H.

Sony TC-D5M connected to a 1:10 Sowter mic input transformer

It was tried today by chance in order to find out if the connections in the input transformer box are in phase between input and output.


A very bad sound had been expected as the 1:10 ratio steps a 200Ω mic impedance to 20KΩ.
Signal path:


Male voice - Shure Unidyne B Mexico - Sowter 3104 connected as 1:10 - Sony TC-D5M connection to mic in L channel - Sennheisr HD580 - listener's ear, brain


Whiteout the input transformer the sound is nice.


With the input transformer the sound is impressive, focused, with no excessive bass or treble, much louder.

A new little melody Πως να σ' αγγίξω

It was heard in a dream just before waking up after a kind of nightmare. Only beginning of chorus had been heard.


On a 16/16 matrix:


Key is B minor ie all F or C are sharp.


B----AGF-E------ (E)Πως να σ'αγγ(A)ιξω
A----GFE-D------ (D)Πως να σου δεί(D)ξω


In parenthesis is shown the bass


So the bass code can be:


E or E7
A6
D9 or D7
G7


remember all F or C are sharp otherwise it sounds nonsense


A rough demo of it had been recorded yesterday while experimenting with mics, Pleiades filters, Pleiades V6 1H4 and Uher 4200.

Violence and CD generation?

See previous post including effects of brain waves at lower bandwidth than 20KHz

Extended frequency responce and brain waves in Rupert Neve lecture

Lecture CRAS 2001
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=SsgQcyXyzss


It is mentioned after 1:00 that high frequency response above 20KHz of equipment leads to relaxation, lack of anger, even perhaps violence.
There are references to research published on papers.


Does a similar argument apply to class A versus class AB, B or class D amplifiers?


A similar argument between analog or digital recording?


As this is written a CBS digitally remastered cassette is being listened to playing Baroque music on a nice Panasonic RX-4922L portable radio cassette player.
Harpsichord and violins sound so realistic and extended in high frequency. It makes one feel tranquile and happy.

Pleiades V6 1H4 with Uher 4200 report stereo

See next post on the Pleiades Studio setup.

Advantages of the Pleiades studio signal path

At your risk.


It is simple and minimal.


It uses just 3 pieces of equipment.


1 An Uher 4200 report stereo reel to reel tape recorder.


2 A JVC Nivico 70's radio fed from Uher and feeding the monitoring speaker.


3 The monitoring speaker is a Pleiades made of linoleum sheet Auratone 5C type fullrange speaker with a Tesla drive unit. The speaker wrapped by a net hangs from the ceiling and is currently at about 1 meter and half from floor.


The studio setup is battery powered. It is semi portable.


The JVC radio used as a bass boost amplifier to compliment the small speaker has the added advantage of immediate listening to FM radio just by disconnecting the AUX in mini jack fed by UHER.


Currently commercial radio stations with well known pop songs sound great with balanced frequency response or amazing sound.


Currently almost everything recorded to Uher from CD sounds great through the JVC and monitoring speaker.


Currently almost everything recorded with a microphone connected to Uher sounds bad. Like singing to a broken bathtub while inside a plastic bucket.


But this is the point. It forces one to make any change needed so that the result sounds towards an excellent commercial recording.


Today while trying to record a melody phrase with male voice, the most natural or professional sounding recording is one made with an Electro - Voice 635a omnidirectional microphone at 45o at 2-3 inch connected to a Pleiades (130Ω,40mH) gentle slope low cut filter. This filter is used for reducing bass, mid heaviness to listener's brain due to equal loudness curves (Fletcher, Munson curves) and due to voice effort curves (a softer singing voice produces more bass and treble than a loud singing by the same singer).[Lowe, Morgan]


Connecting the Pleiades V6 1H4 mic booster front end amplifier created a bad sound full of every ambient detail from yards away and at the same time distortion at sibilant sounds. This indicates clipping distortion at some transistor stage of the Uher.


The Fostex M80RP sounded more airy but with above distortion as it has been only connected so far to the Pleiades V6 feeding the mic input of the Uher. Similarly for Shure SM59 which less bright than the M80RP. Ambient sounds from far away could be recorded even with the excellent but low output SM59.


The expensive AKG MI 201-100 omni direction mic gave bass and mid bass and mid heaviness directly connected to Uher, possibly due to,above reasons.


More investigation needed.


A way to go is trying low turn ratio (1:2 etc) input signal transformers with the Uher 4200 report.


Next day addition: the 1/4in was replayed today. The most natural sounding and more treble extended is the recording made with Fostex M80RP - Pleiades (130Ω,40mH) - Pleiades V6 1H4 but there is the s clipping problems.


Later addition 20090216:
Other way to go is connecting the Pleiades V6 CV2269 low gain electron tube mic booster amplifier with a low inductance output transformer for reducing bass heaviness to listener's brain.


See also:
https://euroelectron.blogspot.com/2020/09/at-last-vocal-recording-starts-to.html


Reference:


Sound Picture Recording and Reprodicing Charactersitcs - D. P. Lowe, K. F. Morgan - JSMPE

Why do good tape recorders do not need lubrication or need minimum lubrication

For example the Uher report 4200, 4400.
They use sintered bronze bearings according to the manual.


https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-lubricating_chain
By reading the Wikipedia article it can be seen that Crysler engineers developed such bearings.

The four five 45 chord revisited, exercise

It consists of the 4th interval above bass together with the 5th interval above bass and resolved to ordinary 35 (harmonic triad).


This is how it sounds like for example:


G and C and D    to
G and B and D


Vivaldi for example had been using it a lot. For example on mandolin concerto in C.


The 4th is prepared, for example:


C bass and E G C
G bass and D G C
G bass and D G B
C bass and E G C


In modern pop music it appears on quality crafted songs.


For example:


The look of love - Bacharach


A Salty dog - Procol Harum


Alone - Heart


Instabile - Nec


Eclipse - Pink Floyd


Echoes - Pink Floyd


Spending my time - Roxette


California Dreamin' - the Mamas and the Papas


Etc



Where does it appear on these songs?



Further reading:


Bach Bass Rules - Bach, Niedt - PDF


Harmony - Piston

E bass with C major chord, Nothing compares 2 U - Price, Sinead O' Connor, μπαςο ΜΙ με συγχορδία Ντο μείζονα (3η)

It is E bass and E and G and C


Bass code is:


F It's been...(counting 4 beats)
E6               (counting 4 beats)
D7 Since you...     (counting 4 beats)
F46  (counting 2 beats)
C45?  (counting 2 beats)
See how all dissonant intervals are prepared and the 3rd with respect to bass added
[Bach, Niedt]


So since key is F major ie all B are flat we have:


F A C
E G C
D F (A) C
C F (A) C
C F G
(A) may not be used


It can be played gently with left hand at the middle of the piano keyboard and right hand playing the nice melody


It can be added to the Pleiades Melody Book


See also:


Bach Bass Rules - Bach, Niedt - PDF

The Pleiades studio

at the moment consists of the following signal path:


Mic - Uher 4200 report - JVC Nivico radio used as subtle bass boost compensating amplifier for using a small speaker - Pleiades linoleum Auratone type 5C speaker


First recording of a demo of It's the Summer Time sounds somewhat good on male voice (when not singing softly) and average of female voice.


This is good news as the case may be that this setup at once reveals a fault in the recording process. Voices sounded muddy.


But it is not a problem of the Uher, neither the JVC radio, nor the Pleiades Linoleum Auratone type 5C monitoring speaker as when recording or playing back a commercial recording from CD for example the sound is not only nice but impressive, full of detail including extended high frequency.


The mic used so far is an AKG MI 201-100, a plastic omni.


The reason of the bass heaviness should be the Fletcher, Munson equal loudness curves, voice effort curves.


So next time, a Pleiades (R,L) gentle slope low cut filter will be used in order to make the frequency response flat from producer's brain to listener's brain [Lowe, Morgan].


Reference:


Sound Picture Recording and Reproducing Characterists - D. P. Lowe, K. F. Morgan - Journak of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers

Singing in tune part x

Since [Stevens, Warshofsky] at high sound intensity the brain hears a flatter pitch and therefore a singer sings flat... (a percentage of a semitone lower)..,


would this imply that a singer should listen to the music at low intensity and therefor sing not loud.


Would this imply that singing loud requiring a loud backing track would lead to pitch error not because of the vocal chords but because of the brain hearing flat.


But why some singers can sing loud and not out of tune?
Is it because they have less ear sensitivity?
Or is the answer that they do not sing loud after all.
We know [Sound on Sound article on how to make a loud mix] that the softer something is recorded the louder it sounds at reproduction.
And it is also known that loudness does not depend on intensity only, it depends on frequency band shape [Fletcher, Munson curves], how the resonant cavities of the body, (mouth, head, nose) are used to multiply the molecule excursion at certain frequency bands.
And of course it is emotional content that creates loudness out of a whispering voice [conversation with Stelios Yianakopoulos, recording engineer at EMI Columbia Athens no longer existing recording studios].



Reference:


Sound and Hearing - Stevens, Warshofsky - Life Science Series

T-shirts with Pink Panther wearing a mask?

The Mind's Influence

It's chapter 4 at page 76 of the unique book,
Sound and Hearing - S. S. Stevens, Fred Warshofsky - Life Science Series


This chapter begins by showing that pitch does not only depend on frequency but also on intensity.


I feel so privileged having found this book at my dad's library when I was a kid. It had been translated to Hellenic language by medical doctor Manos Tierry.
It's funny that my best friend at school Yiannis had once told me that his dad had been translating a Life encyclopedia to Hellenic.
Many years later I discovered by looking up at the beginning of the book that my favorite book had been translated by my best friend's dad.
I wish he is well. A so fine, smart doctor and person. He took us once on foot to visit Radio Katouma shop where would would buy Josty electronic kits, RIAA preamps and the like.
We would be impatiently exhausted walking Athens till getting to the shop. He would keep telling us, we are almost there...

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It's the summer time, Semele - Public Domain

Heard yesterday on a dream with Vicky, been played by the radio, this simple melody with simple lyrics.
Only the first 2 verses are reconstructed as the music lasted only a few seconds before waking up.


Apparently it is in F minor.


, , , , c , d c , , d c , , , ,    (It's the summer time)
, , , , b , a b , , a b , b a ,  (It's a reason why)


A demo has been made while singing this melody and harmony as:


F bass and F A C
F bass and E G B
D bass and F A C
D bass and E G B
B bass and F A C
B bass and E G B
A bass
(Remember all B, E, A, D are flat)
(And now all notes are sharp since modulation is to A sharp minor)
F bass and A C E
D bass and F A C E
A bass and A C E
G bass and A C E
(The last 4 chords support the melody of Semele)


The demo using Pleyel piano model 9 - AKG MI 200-101 mic - Uher 4200 report stereo 4th (Vicky's ) sounds quite nice.

Who pays the ferryman - Markopoulos, Ποιος πληρώνει τον βαρκάρη - Μαρκόπουλος

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=hK95EavfLOM


Remembering being at kid at around 10?
My parents were summer renting a mountain country house from a friend family at the Afidnae village.
There was a huge tree at the garden.
Under its shadow there I was using a table to mount my Polycyclomatic (πολυκυκλωματιστης) toy with springs holding connections for resistors, capacitors, germanium transistors.
It could also (by making the relevant connections) transmit at MW AM so with a JVC Nivico radio I could hear my voice speaking on a crystal earphone.
HRT (Hellenic radio television) at some instant was transmitting this nice instrumental. So the record knob was immediately pressed and it could then be listened to from cassette magnetic tape anytime, so many times.

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Sign of the Times - Harry Styles chords

So simple and so nice.


https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=z0GKGpObgPY


(There must be double tracking at the vocal).


Bass code is just:
F
D
C
C7


So for example it can be implemented with suitable inversions as:


F bass and A C F
D bass and A D F
C bass and C E G
Bb bass and C E G


(Bb was played yesterday on bass for the C7 chord instead of a bB on the right hand and it sounded great, close to the song).

Deriving the chords of Spending my Time - Roxette

Of the right notes are played it sounds amazing even on a almost toy PSS-14 (using the strings voice).


All B, E, A, D are flat.


The notes below are meat to sound together.


C F A what's the time when it's already
B D F A already
B F G morning    resolved to B E G
...
C F A
B D F A
B F G resolved to B E G
B E F resolved to B D F changed to B bD F
...
...



Bass can be omitted but even if we do so we must have it in mind while harmonizing so that we can derive the other parts or voices (simply said notes) of the chord derived by bass so that bass can be reconstructed at the listeners brain.


The above notes sound amazing together but how are they derived?


We use the very simple rules of music.


Everything is referenced to bass.
Bass is one note at a time but we need to find what that note is
Once the correct sounding bass is found, ingredient notes of chords can be derived from the series C
E G B D F A C E G B ....
We count the natural notes and then add flats or sharps.
We use the right inversions so that from going from one chord to the next we make as less changes to each voice notes as possible. For example keeping as many notes as we can the same.
We may even keep notes sustained instead of replaying the same note and it sounds even better.
Then it sounds like the real song.
7th intervals, 9th intervals, with respect to bass are prepared and the 3rd added [Bach, Niedt]


So what is the code from which everything is derived in the fabulous introduction of this song?


F
B7
E9 to E
...
F
B7
E9
B45 to B to B(-3)


B(-3) means B minor 3rd


Remember all B, E, A, D are flat.



Reference


Bach Bass Rules - Bach, Niedt - PDF

Making love Out of nothing at all - Air Supply

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=qEd6QUbK2Mw
Video with lyrics

Unsuccessful attempt in making the Pleiades V6 1H4 mic booster amp on off switching silent

At your risk.
Always use a suitable fuse in series with any battery for fire hazard or other protection.
Protect your ears.


The cathode of the 1H4 and other cables to be grounded have been disconnected from Vf (1.5V) minus and are now connected to plus. So cathode and other cables to be grounded are now connected to Vb(12V) minus.


Since now the potential at plate is less than 12V instead of more than 13V, anode current has dropped from aproximately 50μA to 36μA.


There is still switching off noise when disconnecting Vf.


Sound quality seems to be better but test is inconclusive yet as only the Electro-Voice 635a mic has been tried. The sound is even less bass heavy. Still the signal to noise ratio is excellent.


Signal path:


Reverberant room - male singing or speaking voice - 635a - Pleiades V6 1H4 with Altec input, output transformers - Realistic Disco Mixer connection to its mic in - Sennheiser HD 580 - listener's (singer's) ear, brain


In practice it was found that increasing the fader on the Disco mixer although making voice louder did not make the click noise while switching off as loud, perhaps because this second stage is being clipped.


Indirect heater electron tubes do not suffer from this effect.


But since the direct cathode filament has a tremendous advantage is less battery power consumption (50mA compared to (200-300)mA...


And since no electrolytic capacitor is derived to be used across filament....
(would a small film capacitor reduce the switch off noise?..,)


it is decided to live with this noise when front end amp is switched off.

Η μπομπινα σου φέρνει και την ψυχική κατάσταση του αλλου

Comment of Vicky after listening to a BASF broadcast 5in reel of a pre 2000 piano recording inside a church in Endinburg.


Analog tape records, reproduces the psychic state of the performer.

Technics SL1200MK2 patents?

By finding the inventor's name on the SL1200 article or the Trchnics article on Wikipedia, Shuichi Obata.


Then searching at espacenet advanced search with inventor's name and Matsushita or record as keyword etc...


These are 2 relevant patents already found:


Pickup arm device:
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/mosaics?CC=US&NR=4203606A&KC=A&FT=D&ND=3&date=19800520&DB=EPODOC&locale=en_EP


Rotational speed signal sensor:
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=11&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=19811124&CC=US&NR=4302692A&KC=A

Δισκάδικο Loden στον Πειραια, Loden record shop - Piraeus

We used to go to Loden record shop when we were teens with my best friend John.
We would buy top quality imported 45rpm maxi singles of Madonna, Sandra etc.
We would play them on Technics SL1200 MK2 rented by Vasilis at Monastiraki while DJing for the school ball dances. Towards the end of the ball we would play slow songs such as Brathers in Arms - Dire Straits and we leave the turntables to get to the dance floor too.


Αγοράζαμε μεγάλους δίσκους 45 στροφών το λεπτό (Maxi Single), εισαγωγής, τελειας ποιότητας ήχου, με τον κολλητό μου φίλο Γιάννη.
Παίζαμε μουςικη στα πικαπ Technics SL1200 MK2 σε χορούς της τάξης μας στο ξενοδοχείο  Intercontinental κτλ.
Μια φορα τα νοικιάσαμε απο τον Βασίλη στο Μοναστηράκι. Άλλες φορες απο το Hi-Power.

Erotic dance between melody and bass Ερωτική σχεςη μπασου μελωδίας

They are both one note at a time and they usually move in contrary motion. [Bach, Niedt]


Ειναι και οι δυο φωνές μια νοτα καθε φορα και κινούνται συνηθως σε αντίθετη κατεύθυνση. [Bach, Niedt].


Examples:


Air from suite in D - Bach - score - YouTube
Bass and uppermost melody:
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=E2j-frfK-yg


Fave to Face - The Twins
The riff played at 0:19 on the PPG analog, digital synthesizer:
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=vpHUcqe2v-w


Reference, αναφορα:


Bach Bass Rules - Bach, Niedt - PDF

Ενα πιθανό αίτιο σπυριων στο δέρμα απο ρούχα απο πλύσιμο ρούχων

Με δικη σας ευθύνη.
Δεν αποτελει ιατρική συμβουλή.


Περισσότερα στο διπλανό post στα αγγλικα.


Μπορει να ειναι σύμπτωση πολλών παραγόντων.


Πχ


Το ατύχημα με το πετρέλαιο στην θαλαςςα της Αθηνας.
Το χημικό που ρίχτηκε σαν αντίδωρο.
Άγχος.
Ακατάλληλη διατροφή.
Τσίμπημα απο έντομο.


Προσωπική παρατήρηση ειναι οτι οταν τα ρούχα έχουν πλυθεί με νιφάδες σαπουνιού Έλενας (πχ Αρκάδι) αντί για απορρυπαντικό δεν εμφανιζονται χοντρά σπυρια στο δέρμα.


Τα υφάσματα που έρχονται σε άμεση επαφή με το δέρμα ειναι τα πιο ύποπτα. Πχ μαξιλαροθηκη, εσώρουχα, κάλτσες.


Ευχαριστώντας τη Βίκη που πρότεινε το Αρκάδι που χρησιμοποιειται στα ρούχα για το ευαίσθητο δέρμα μωρών.

Skin irritation from cloth washing detergent

At your risk. This is not a medical advice.


Multinational companies are kind to warn on instructions of the product box.


An irritation even in the form of nasty spots may take place when one is wearing the cloth especialy when one is sweating and there is some amount left in the cloth from a non perfect rinsing.
A recent (2 years ago) accident on oil spillage in Athens sea seems to make skin more sensitive. Perhaps it is the antidote chemicals that had been thrown to the sea which had contacted a swimmer.


After changing from petroleum based detergent to olive oil based soap from personal observation spots seize to be produced.
Such soap flakes have been diluted in water for washing clothes.


Thanks to Vicky for suggesting the olive soap flakes with brand name Αρκάδι for washing baby clothes.


See also adjescent post in Hellenic language.

Stanton cartridge blueprints

http://lcweb2.loc.gov/master/mbrs/recording_preservation/manuals/Stanton%20(Misc.).pdf

Καλο φαγητο ειναι πιο σπάνιο απο καλο σεξ

Good quality food is more scarce than good quality sex

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Τι ειναι μουσικη

Στο προηγουμενο post στα αγγλικα:


https://euroelectron.blogspot.com/2020/08/what-is-music.html

What is music

This is trying to explain to Elena.


Music consists of :


Melody (one note at a time)
Bass (one note at a time)
Harmony (many notes at a time) like cooking with many ingredients together
Rhythm


Melody can stand on its own.
For example singing a Capella a song.


Bass is the base of harmony.
It is one note at the time.


Harmony follows the simple rule of choosing ingredient notes from the series Do Mi Sol Si Re Fa La Do Mi ... etc ie C E G B D F A C E ....


Rhythm consists of patterns reported in time that make your body feel moving to it.


The above applies to anything from a simple song to a complex symphony.


For example on a more involved song:
Stepping Stone - Daffy
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=KFjF64Mcaao


Main melody is what Daffy sings.
La Fa Mi Fa Mi Fa Mi Re Re (I remember way back way back way...)


Bass is
Re Re (when melody is I remember way back way back way)
Re Re
Re Re
Re Re
bSi bSi
bSi bSi
Sol Sol
Sol Sol


Harmony is derived from above rule ie:
Re together with Fa together with La ie Re Fa La while bass is Re
then
bSi Re Fa La while bass is bSi
then
Sol bSi Re Fa while bass is Sol


All Si are flat because the key is Re minor 3rd ie D minor 3rd.


See also:


Bach Bass rules - Bach, Noedt - PDF


Harmony - Piston

Pleiades V6 1H4 battery powered electron tube, grid at space potential, microphone booster preamplifier tested with Electro-Voice 635A and Shure SM59 microphones

At your risk.
Take all safety precautions.
Any battery must be connected in series with a suitable fuse for fire hazard or other protection.


The Pleiades V6 1H4 one electron tube preamp with direct heater filament is described on recent posts.


Vf is 1.5V from an alcaline AA Fujitsu battery and Vb is 12V from a tiny Fujicell (garage remote control type) battery. It is still operating greatly from the same batteries.


Altec octal base input and output transformers are currently used.


Attention had been paid to grounding of the transformers so buzz and hum which existed in previous tests is now eliminated to such an extent that when a short circuit is at the input of the Pleiades V6 1H4 preamp one cannot tell whether it is on or off and this by it being connected to the (following) Realistic mic input, (see signal path).


Signal path:


Reverberant room - male or female speaking or singing voice - 635a or SM59 - Pleiades V6 1H4 - Realistic Disco Mixer connected to its unbalanced mic mono in - Sennheiser HD 580 - listener's ear, brain


Excellent smooth sound and very low noise.


635a sounds better on speech than singing, having a bit bass or treble heaviness on signing.
It was used at 3in to 12in.
Vicky observed it sounded much better at an angle of 45o from mouth in the horizontal plane, almost no sibilant problem.



SM59 sounds smooth, detailed without hype and amazing. No sibilant problem.
It was used at 24in to 36in.



The Pleiades V6 running at about 50μA anode current at (low) 12V plate potential at grid space potential is so low noise that a great microphone of low output such as the Shure SM59 can be used at 2-3 ft with no problem.


The taste it leaves is flat fluency response from singer's to listener's brain [Lowe, Morgan] with smooth sound like real life and no noise.


Reference:


Sound Picture Recording and Reproducing Characteristcs - D. P. Lowe, K. F. Morgan - Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers

Setting up a turntable cartridge?

At your risk.


Would a good way be to adjust everything possible, eg azimuth, VTA etc for minimum audible distortion when distortion is magnified by using a ridiculously low tracking force?
Attention. This may result in record damage as stated by Ortofon:
https://www.ortofon.com/support/support-hifi/faq-installation/


A  problem may be that VTA for example will change when the tracking force is increased to normal values.


But the point is this. Trying to do anything possible in the best possible way so as to get the cartridge stulys sing  at the minimum possible tracking force.

How does the Stanton 680 cartridge operate?

This cartridge sounds very nice.


This is a summary on what was understood by starting reading the Stanton patent, US3546399.


There are great similarities to a single ended amplifier with output transformer, to a ribbon microphone, to a condenser microphone.


Here is how:


Abstract:
Coil is stationary.
Magnet is stationary.
It is only the tiny stylus cantilever that moves through a magnetic field.


There is a coil. Very like a transformer with one winding.
This coil is the output of the cartridge.
There are magnetic materials creating a magnetic field conductive path which passes through the coil. Very like laminations we use on transformers.
But this path consists of magnetic permeable material (pole pieces) in series with a permanent magnet in series with a tiny moving magnetically conductive element which is a part inside the stylus cylinder assembly.
This is the only non stationary element, it moves with the music signal on record, faithfully as it has very low mass.
The change in magnetic flux creates an EMF by Faraday's induction law on the coil.
So we get the output music voltage signal.


So it is like a single ended class A amplifier where the electron tube changes the current through the primary of output transformer.


It is like a ribbon microphone where a ribbon of aluminum which conducts an Electric field vibrates inside a magnetic field.
The analogy on the cartridge is that only a small thin of Magnetically conductive wire vibrates to the music signal. It conducts the Magnetic field.
On a ribbon microphone we out the output form the secondary of a transformer.
Such a transformer already exists in this record playing cartridge as explained above.


It is also like a condenser microphone.
On a condenser microphone there is a source of EMF (the polarizing voltage, or electret material electric potential is cases of electret capsules).
The electric circuit is completed by a series resistor where the output voltage is created before feeding a FET or electron tube.
Here in the cartridge there is a permanent stationary magnet which creates the MMF (magneto motive force). The magnetic circuit is completed by magnetic material (conductors of magnetic field) in series with a moving conductor of magnetic field.
On the condenser capsule the change of capacitance by music creates a changing voltage drop at the resistor.
On the cartridge the change of inductance by music creates a changing MMF drop in the magnetic circuit.
The coil converts a changing magnetic field to a changing electric field. In fact a changing magnetic field automaticaly creates a changing electric field (electromagnetic theory). We get the voltage music output from the ends of the coil.


There is another such transformer coil structure for the other channel ie for stereo.
The magnetic fields are at 90o. Each B in in an inclination of 45o, like Blumlein microphone pairs.
Actually the 90o magnetic field pairs are invented by Blumlein too for the purpose of stereo disc recording.


There is also the obvious similarly to electric guitar pickups.


See also:


Patents referred to in the Stanton patent, such as the Blumlein patent.


The Pickering Patent
US2538164


Feynman Lectures on Physics - Feynman, Leighton, Sands

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MMM (moving magnetic material) record player cartridges ?

At your risk. A new name may create even more marketing confusion.

(summary: it is a small lightweight (small mass) magnetically permeable material that vibrates
By magnetic material is meant a magnetically permeable material and completes the magnetic flux circuit. Neither a moving magnet nor a moving coil since these are stationary inside the cartridge it may be called MMM. Small mass means easy acceleration.


A material which conducts a magnetic field. Analogous to a conductor conducting the electric field.


The term moving iron may be misleading (is magnetic reluctance the original term?), one may imagine something with a high mass moving along with the disc stylus.
Not nessesarily so.
The moving iron or magnetic permeable material may be just the cantilever itself. For example on some Stanton cartridges.
For example on the following patents:
US2538164 by Norman C. Pickering
US3546399 by Walter C. Stanton, Laurel Hollow


Low mass means faithful reproduction and minimal wear to record.


No wonder some Stanton cartridges go easily past 40KHz. [Stanton Product Catalogue]


There is similarly to ribbon mics. Just a length of material vibrating to sound. Of course the ribbon is so so much lighter.
On ribbon mics the signal voltage is taken from ribbon itself then feeding a transformer.
On MMM cartridges the signal voltage is taken from a stationary coil around magnetic circuit. In fact it may be thought as an impeded transformer so that the cartridge can feed an MC input or f
with  more coil turns of insulated fine wire an MM phono input.

Playing song Lady Lady Lady - Giorgio Moroder

A record mat with recessed central part...

so that the record label (which is thicker than the vinyl itself) won't cause inclination of record plane with result of reading diamond needle azimuth error.


Later addition:


It is done on the Technics SL1200 rubber mat:
https://www.vinylengine.com/turntable_forum/viewtopic.php?t=71010

Varispeed leaves time for the singer's brain to think

and seems to make the vocal so fresh.


Are Sleeping Satellite - Archer, To France - Oldfield, The Great Gig in the Sky - Pnk Floyd, Torry recorded this way?

Analog technology is self marketed by sound...

Is digital technology marketed by words?





Just listening to Lady, Lady, Lady, - Moroder, Forsey feat Esposito on Technics SL1200MK2 with Stanton moving cantilever (iron) cartridge (680?)

On Puting out Fire - Moroder, feat Bowie...

...there is a nice crush cymbal pattern at the intro.


Notating it on music paper?
It should be a nice (simple?) exercise.

Το παιχνίδι της αλλαγής ταχύτητας The Varispeed game

For example listening to Sleeping Satellite - Tasmin Archer on the LP and then trying to adjust the speed of the other tracks so that the voice retains the character of the hit single.


Early attempts need a say +5 on the Technics SL1200MK2

Helping an insect find its way crates a fruitful day

A way to set stylus azimuth by a mirror or by ear?

At your risk.


I am newbie.


A nice way to make sure (after or before using the cartridge alignment protractor?) the azimuth is correct is to remove mat and place a piece of mirror (without the plastic or glue!) on the platter. (Turntable should be checked to be level), It immediately reveals if cartridge is misaligned as far as azimuth is concerned. But what we need to have azimuth aligned is not the cartridge shell, nor the cartridge but the cantilever with the diamond.


But this is difficult to see in detail even with a magnifying glass.


So what was done?


A ridiculous low tracking face was set, for example 0.5g.


The record sounded awful but it sounded much worse if azimuth was out even a little.


The trick of unlocking the cartridge shell twisting a tiny bit (it natural foul play) then fastening it again made a difference. So it may be used as a way to set azimuth correctly?


Tracking force was then set by ear too. More than the optimum point and all easiness in sound, treble, bass is lost.
A bit like adjusting bias on a Pleiades BD139 class A single ended amplifier with loudspeaker DC coupled. If too many elements flow through the speaker cool DCwise, bass is out to lunch. It seems the resonant frequency is changing by increased stiffness in both examples? The sound becomes stiff.
Vicky immediately noticed after days of sound memory that something was clearly wrong when tracking force had been set by accident a bit higher.


And antiscating. It can make a difference in depth, easiness of bass.


VTA has not been auditioned too yet.


Signal path:


LP Great Expectations - Tasmine Archer - Technics SL1200MK2 - Realistic disco mixer - Sennheiser
HD580 - listener's ears, brain

Similarity between ribbon microphones and moving iron phono cartridges

I wrongly new or assumed that all cartridges that look like MM are mocing magnet.


Few days ago  Stanton 680 look alike cartridge (with missing moder sticker) had been setup on a Technics SL1200MK2 and the sound was impressive and easy, deep and detailed. Very extended high frequency response.
Some sibilant problems but not sure yet whether this sibilant information is already in the record!


Reading patents
US2538164 by Norman C. Pickering
US3546399 by Walter C. Stanton, Laurel Hollow


reveal that the diamond moves a thin metal which then completes (varies) the magnetic circuit inside the cartridges created by a non moving (stationary) magnet. Coils in the magnetic circuit sense the change in magnetic flux and by Faraday's law an EMF or voltage (the music voltage signal) is created.


This looks very nice as a relatively heavy magnet does not have to move. Only a lightweight cantilever peace of iron moves. Magnetically saturated.


It is a bit like ribbon microphone with the difference that the voltage is not taken from the iron itself but by the coil.
So it reminds a bit moving (but not moving actually) coil microphone.
It also of course reminds electric guitar pickups, the steel vibrating wire being the cause of variable magnetic conductance of flux through the coil.


Many turns of wire create the normal say 1000Ω output which needs to be terminated by 47KΩ and capacitance.
Few turns of wire create a say 100Ω or less output impedance to be connected to an MC input, input transformer, Pleiades V6 front end etc.


A lightweight iron cantilever has small mass ie accelerates easily, and less tracking force is needed. For example the Stanton non DJ aftermarket stylus inserted on the unknown Stanton (680?) cartridge starts tracking at 1.4g.


A smooth sound.


At the moment treble is too extended. But vertical tracking angle has not been looked at yet.


Today searching on Google:
https://www.vinylengine.com/turntable_forum/viewtopic.php?t=26815


"Post by bauzace50 » 01 Apr 2010 16:24 true enough! Curiosity killed the cat, and that's behind the premise of this thread. Is the Moving Iron principle more beneficial, in and of itself? Why not MM? Why not MC? The all-MI-Grado contingent seems aligned WITH MI (at least, BY DEFAULT, if not by militance!). Other MI owners have not really manifested themselves about this. Think about owners of Stanton 681 series, Decca, ADC XLM (et al.), Sonus, General Electric Variable Reluctance, (some of Garrott Bros.???), Acutex, Bang & Olufsen, Ortofon Super OM, Ortofon VMS, SoundSmith and...any others? The difference cannot be caused by low inductance-and-resistance,
because only the Grados qualify (with the exception of a few MM-LoZ Pickerings and Stantons). The true operational cause HAS to be the MI principle...I think."



So are MI carts giving MC cartridges a run?


See also:


Feynman Lectures on Physics - Feynman, Leighton, Sands

Colored happy notes are easier to learn

Vicky

Χαρούμενες χρωματιστές νοτες μπορούν να εμπεδωθουν πιο ευκολα

Βίκυ

Styli types - Ortofon

https://www.ortofon.com/media/14912/everything_you_need_to_know_about_styli_types.pdf

Patent links of Stanton 680 series etc?

https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/mosaics?CC=US&NR=3546399A&KC=A&FT=D&ND=3&date=19701208&DB=EPODOC&locale=en_EP
Patent by Stanton


https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=0&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=19670110&CC=US&NR=3297831A&KC=A
Patent by Stanton


(Patent numbers found on the box of D6800 HP replacement stylus).


and 2 cited patents from 2nd above patent
Patent by Stanton


https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=1&ND=4&adjacent=true&locale=en_EP&FT=D&date=19640825&CC=US&NR=3146319A&KC=A


https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/mosaics?CC=US&NR=2093540A&KC=A&FT=D&ND=4&date=19370921&DB=EPODOC&locale=en_EP
(Patent by Blumlein)


This is one of citing documents (in German)
https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/mosaics?CC=DE&NR=2159573A1&KC=A1&FT=D&ND=4&date=19720615&DB=EPODOC&locale=en_EP