Molecule vibration (the music acoustic signal itself) is converted
by the microphone to corresponding electron vibration. Air molecules collide in a contactless way with the microphone diaphragm. Electrons vibrate in the cable out of the moving coil, ribbon etc.
An amplifier such as an electron tube amplifier (usually with an input and output transformer) increases the amplitude of this vibration.
A power amplifier increases the power of this vibration.
Electron vibration is converted back to molecule vibration by the loudspeaker
Vibrating molecules collide with our ear drum.
Note: collisions in nature are contactless. Electrons do not penetrate electrons. But they can get as close as possible to repel sufficiently each other. This is how we float when we swim in the sea!
Reference:
Feynman Lectures in Physics
Crowhurst Basic Audio
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