For example if the melody is at time t in note D and the chord is G major, the other parts only play G and B.
Is this a great way of letting the vocal for example shine through by not conflicting with the same frequency from another instrument?
When asking Stelios Giannakopoulos, one of the sound engineers at Columbia EMI Athens why the voice sound so nice on some of his recordings, he replied, that the arrangement plays a very important part. Leaving a frequency space for the voice. A frequency spectrum hole or gap where the voice will sit without conflicting with other instruments. He gave as an example song writer Mimis Plessas and his great arrangements.
Long time ago when Plessas was asked he said that he learnt it from Hollywood.
Example:
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=k7ZciKttjww#fauxfullscreen
(Another factor of course for the immediacy of voice is the very few amplifying devices e.g. electron tubes from mic to tape [Hamm]. See Neumann U47, Telefunken V72, EMI BTR schematics. This recording is multi mic direct to stereo or overdub to another stereo tape with backing track played on another BTR2).
Listening to the above song again it is realized that the glockenspiel which already is quite high, plays for example D and the voice plays B.
Is this happening also here?
Say Something - A great big world. Christina Aguilera
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=-2U0Ivkn2Ds#fauxfullscreen
Of course it is also the way the microphone is EQed so that there is flat frequency response from singer's vocal chords to listener's brain [Loye, Morgan]
Other example is Symphony 40 - Mozart. For example in the begining melody plays D, backing instruments play B flat, G. Chord is G minor. Key is G minor. See full score on the following YouTube video. See or listen how it moves on and how melody is doubled in octaves.
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=BfcXoB9y4rc#fauxfullscreen
Another example:
Air on G string - Bach
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=E2j-frfK-yg#fauxfullscreen (economy, for example chord is D major, one voice plays A, other voice plays D, other voice plays F#.)
There are of course instances where an arranger doubles parts to create a new tone color. For example a Beach Boys song may have electric bass notes doubled by a harpsichord 2 or more octaves apart. Or a song where violin and voice play the same notes, voice and trumpets for example Tay Conniff etc.
Reference:
Sound Pictures Recording and Reproducing Characteristics - D. P, Lowe, K. F. Morgan - Journal of the society of motion picture engineers
(Electron) Tubes vs transistors (vs op amps), is there an audible difference? - Russel O. Hamm - Journal of the Audio Engineering Society
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