Monday, July 1, 2019

Impedance is a vector


This means it has amplitude and phase.


They both depend on frequency.


Frequency response of a system is a vector too.


Amplitude of frequency response is not enough for distortionless transmision. Phase is important too as all the frequency components must arrive at the same time to our ear (our brain?) in order for transients to be preserved [Moler].


This may explain why the best audio enthusiasts on the planet may use a single ended no feedback electron tube or transistor amplifier to drive a fullrange baffle or other low order speaker. Their ear or brain knows.


The best producers on the planet use a fullrange speaker too, for example Quincy Jones and engineer Bruce Swedien mixed Thriller - Michael Jackson on fullrange drive unit low order speakers. The Autatone 5C cubes.


https://www.soundonsound.com/people/bruce-swedien-recording-michael-jackson


Loudspeaker phase measurements
transient response and audible quality - Henning Moller - page 13 
Bruel & Kjaer application notes










Engineering Circuit Analysis - Hayt, Kemmerly - McGraw Hill


Introduction to System Dynamics - Shearer, Murphy, Richardson - Addison Welsey


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